丛林热1991

看了一个黑人导演Spike Lee的电影《丛林热》，讲的是美国种族歧视的故事，电影不是简单的表现一种美国种族歧视的恶劣环境，而是展示这种被歧视的恶劣环境反过来对人所造成的深入骨髓的毒害。在一种恶劣的环境下，最巨大的伤害可能并不是你在现实中被剥夺了什么，而是那种剥夺给人心灵造成的深深的伤害。而你常常被非常巨大的伤害而不自知。 贫富差距，城里人和乡下人，黑人和白人，身高长相，专制政治，物质追求与精神追求的荒谬对立等等，这些因素都能在一个恶劣的社会环境中给人的心灵造成深深的伤害。被伤害的人可能会变得敏感，多疑，脆弱，易怒，偏激，怨恨，冷漠，自暴自弃或者攻击性很强。 当你处处疑心提防、在暴怒中争取你的权利，并认为你正在捍卫自己的尊严时，事实上你应经被毁了。你深受伤害的心灵离你本要追求的快乐生活越来越远。面对不公，愤怒或者冷嘲是必须的，但这种愤怒应该是一种发自健康的身心的非常理所当然的愤怒或者冷嘲，不存在深重的压抑、憋屈，和冷漠。 我认为一个人在一个恶劣的环境，恶劣的时代，应该让自己变得更硬朗些，更善于思考一些，排开偏见，明辨是非，如此才能尽量减少种种恶劣对自己心灵造成的伤害而保持健康。否则你将可能变成这个恶劣的环境和时代恶劣而悲剧的一部分。

认识电影

8.9

[美] 路易斯·贾内梯 [瑞典] 英格玛·伯格曼 [日] 黑泽明 等供图 / 2007 / 世界图书出版公司

第十章：意识形态

1.基调

电影的基调可以用许多方式来操作,比如表演风格就很能影响我们对某场戏的反应。在伊卓沙·乌椎的《天问》中,基调是客观、实事求是的,全部使用非职业演员使表演风格十分写实,他们并不夸张情绪的张来增强戏剧性。

类型也可帮助设定电影的基调,史诗电影是以一种尊严的大于生活式的姿态展开如《搜索者》或《十月》最好的惊悚片通常是强硬、恶毒和硬汉性的,如《双重赔偿》和《致命赌徒》，喜剧的基调则是轻佻、好玩甚至愚蠢的。

画外的旁白也可帮助设定电影的基调,与客观的观剧产生另一种对位的观点,例如旁白可以很反讽,如《日落大道》或有同情性,如《与狼共舞》，甚或恐慌的,如《出租汽车司机》;或大儒式,如《发条橙》由一个瘪三来叙说。

音乐是最常用来设定电影基调者全是摇滚乐,或莫扎特或雷·查尔斯(Ray Charles)的爵士原声带,气氛完全不同,斯派克李的《丛林热》中,意裔美国人的戏配以法兰克·辛纳屈的歌声，非裔美人的戏剧则用福音歌曲及灵魂乐。

这片子太痛苦了，结尾男主角从心底发出的“no”仰天长啸实在太痛苦了。 虽然是一个很俗套的以种族隔离为主题的片子，一条男女主角的主线一条男女配角的辅线，大家都想跨越肤色的藩篱自由追求爱情，最后还是向肤色政治屈服，但是不妨碍这部片子明晃晃的现实主义， 描绘残酷的现实实在是扎眼。 其中一段男女主角在停在路边的车子旁边调情，然后黑人男主就被白人警察给逮捕——这个情节似乎没有什么新意，可就是让人很震撼。故事太真实了，矛盾很集中，很写实， 然后导演以娴熟的视听语言将其表现出来。除了跨种族爱情这个主题，还涉及到父权、宗教、社会黄&毒的问题。男主去毒窟寻找其兄长一段，摄影极好：冷蓝色调的广角镜头，背光的吸毒者，给人晕眩、窒息的感觉。结尾梦境一段处理的也很妙，那是男主的一种微妙心理。故事的发生空间亦像《为所应为》一样限制在特定（两个）街区里，既能将故事整体化，又以小见大。唯一不足的是，感觉电影想探讨的社会问题很多， 导演想表达的观点也很多，因此各种社会问题参差不齐地被展现出来，略显凌乱。

In Spike Lee’s production filmwork of “Jungle Fever'', a tragic story calling out the struggles and hardships of inter-racial romance (in this context, a black versus white romantic relationship, or to be more direct, a love affair in its very essence) has been presented and shown to its audiences, which is apparently also the first ever time cross-race romance has became one of the most important main/central focus topics of the director (the audiences could be able to tell this from watching the preceding film piece of “Mo’ Better Blues”, which Lee happened to touch a bit on this topic as a sideline or side plot). However, this specific filmwork is indeed way more than simply/merely being a sad tale of a failed inter-racial romance at work, but should rather be interpreted and seen as something which goes/dwelves way deeper than that of the surface value, that it is about the steady and firm racial barriers that have been intentionally built/constructed up, as the sense of high walls/tall upper fences being constructed between the dominant group (Caucasian whites) and minority races (in the specific case of this particular movie, African Americans) lasting from generations ago until now at this current point, as well as about the subtly covert, yet without a question deep-rooted racism that is also long-lasting and apparently still on-going, which by itself could probably be easiest to tell and observe within the seemingly normal day-to-day interactions between different races themselves, resulting and arising from that crawling uneasy feeling, which cannot be tracked to its very origin with clear certainty.

On the outside surface or simply based on first impression, as a quite successful businessman living in/residing within the busting Big Apple himself, Flipper has nearly everything going for him, at least that was the case before he met with Angie, an attractive Italian-American young woman who was being introduced to the cooperation to work with him. But as one could still sense somewhat, maybe it is the case that there were already previous cracks existing in the marriage itself, or maybe Flipper has simply gotten a bit bored out by the unchanging daily routines of the married life, anyways, he has later gotten himself into this total “guilty-pleasure” like affair with his co-worker Angie, whom he has only known for a rather short period of time, and which drastically changed/altered his entire life path to a different direction. Throughout this entire film piece here, Spike Lee has mainly and mostly casted his focus/attention on the specific class of people who are usually referred to as the “working class whites”, and his heavily concentrated portrayals of them are not much of positive ones, but rather, more in a critical manner and light. This can be clearly seen within a lot of different scenes coming from the film itself, especially that one particular scene of the so-called “war committee/council” - when Flipper happens to have a huge disagreement, argument, and quarrel with two of his Caucasian co-workers in a private office meeting/conference setting within the corporation which he works at, which the argument keeps on escalating to the next level, which made/urged Flipper to be saying something like “I can see that you guys have absolutely no respect for me” straight to the other men’s faces, and then walked out on them. The actual selfishness/self-centeredness, or perhaps, “racial ego’ which these two white co-workers happen to carry with them has been revealed through this particular scene depicting the certain conflict which happened, although in a quite subtle and covert sense, but is still possible to spot. It is indeed “racial prejudice'' in its best and most appropriate description, in a social situation where the three men are each supposed to be status equal with each other. That is exactly the reason why the specific racial approach of so-called “colorblindness” could oftentimes be unimaginably harming and dangerous, because as human beings altogether living in a colorblind society that way, for sure without a doubt creates more of the excuses for whites in general to deny their internal racism/racist attitudes/racial ego or prejudice which ultimately results in the subtle/covert mis-treatments of other minority races out there, exactly like what Flipper happened to experience with and go through within this specific scene himself.

As generations pass by and as the society progressively develops, one obvious cultural phenomenon or pattern that could be easily seen and observed, is the seemingly “lessening’ of racial discriminations/racial mis-treatments out there within the general social environment as a whole, but this feeling by itself could be merely an illusion or a false sense of assumption, for the actual reality and truth is that, most often times for the current era, what we happen to see and experience the most are, that of the old and medieval cases of direct outward actions in terms of physical harms/violences being inflicted upon minority group individuals back then centuries ago, have since being replaced/exchanged by, as well as switched to a brand new form of very much subtly covert racial discriminations, which is being embedded within almost each and every corner of the 21st century modern society, despite and no matter of our own personal degree/level of recognitions, awarenesses, or better judgments to those different situations and circumstances out there. As a possible result, the most reasonable as well as logical conclusion which could be drawn from that, would thus probably be something that goes like this: There is still indeed, a long long way to go as well as mountains after mountains to climb, awaiting ahead for all of us here being as collective homo sapiens/human beings living on this earth, at least in terms of the general racial equity aspects and sides of things for sure.